Bibliography

  "American Experience | Hijacked | Timeline |." PBS. 14 Feb. 2006. 13 May 2009 <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/hijacked/timeline/timeline2.html>.
This source is very useful because it is a timeline about important events for Arabs and it focus mostly on 1970-2000.Also it is from PBS so i feel that i can trust it is a good source to use.


 Angela, Kim. "Stereotypes of Asian American Students. ERIC Digest." ERICDigests.Org - Providing full-text access to ERIC Digests. 2007. 13 May 2009 <http://www.ericdigests.org/2002-4/asian.html>.

This website was very helpful because it provided all the stereotypes I needed to use for Asians and provided them into different categories.

"Asian Americans in U.S. history." American History. 2009. ABC-CLIO. 3 May 2009 <http://www.americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display.aspx?categoryid=23&entryid=263191&searchtext=racism+in+the+20th+century&type=simple&option=all>.

This source is very beneficial when it comes down to focusing more on the Asian Americans. It also says that most Asian immigrants came to Los Angeles and San Francisco Bay areas in California. Also modern Asian face racism against political and social empathy that push them away from mainstream American Politics. A main stereotype against Asians children is that they are smarter than students from any other ethnic background.


Brunner, Borgna. "African-American History Timeline Infoplease.com." Infoplease: Encyclopedia, Almanac, Atlas, Biographies, Dictionary, Thesaurus. Free online reference, research & homework help. Infoplease.com. 2007. Infoplease. 13 May 2009 <http://www.infoplease.com/spot/bhmtimeline.html>.
This timeline had good data to help me form my paragraph for the changes made in how African- Americans were treated. Also it show that African Americans have always been a target for racism and treated unfairly ever since slaves were brought to America.


"Events in Hispanic American History, 1941 – 1970." Gale Schools- Celebrating Hispanic Heritage- Timeline- 1947. 1997. Gales Schools. 13 May 2009 <http://www.galeschools.com/hispanic_heritage/timeline/1941.htm>.

This website timeline was very useful because it covered only major events in the 1940’s- 1970’s. Also the source seemed to be legit because it was a school source. This source provided good information to help me build off of the stereotypes that Mexicans have.



Gane- McCalla, Casey. "Athletic Blacks vs Smart Whites: Why Sports Stereotypes Are Wrong." Newsone. 15 Apr. 2009. 13 May 2009 <http://newsone.blackplanet.com/entertainment/sports-entertainment/naturally-athletic-blacks-vs-smart-disciplined-whites-why-sports-stereotypes-are-wrong/>.
In this article the author points out how stereotypes in sports affect choices made in the real world. For instance since white are known to be hardworking athletes then they will work hard in the workplace.


Martin, Jr., Waldo E., and Patricia Sullivan, eds. "Racism." Civil Rights In The United States. 2nd ed. 2 vols. New York: Macmillan Library Reference USA, 2000. 625-30.

The author notes that racism is based on different categorizations. The first and most obvious difference is sex; followed by appearance, such as ethic group. When people think of ethnic racism a couple of groups come to mind: Chinese, Arabic, African, Indian, Irish, Jewish, Russian, and Armenian. Also the author mentions that the definition of racism is similar to Charles Darwin in Origin of Species (1859). The author also mentions that different disease are related to race such as hypertension, prostate cancer, and heart disease are most commonly found in African Americans. Overall this source is very useful because it covers the general ideas of racism and gives a great starting point.


"Mexico - Stereotypes And Myths About The Mexican Family." Marriage and Family Encyclopedia. 2009. 13 May 2009 <http://family.jrank.org/pages/1165/Mexico-Stereotypes-Myths-about-Mexican-Family.html>.

This website was very beneficial in terms of finding different stereotypes for Mexicans in America.


                Morrison, Toni. "An African American Novelist Decries "Race Talk," 1993." Major Problems in American History Since 1945. Ed. Robert Griffith and Paula Baker. 3rd ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2007. 446-48.

In this article by Toni Morrison she states that back when immigrants first came to America almost every race besides African Americans had the chance of living the “American Dream”. When Greek immigrants came to America they had a chance of finding a job, based on their physical appearance. She also mentions that back during that time stability were whites and disorder was blacks.  This article talks more about the challenges African Americans faced over immigrants; which is not relative to my topic, but it is good background information.

 "prejudice." Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1). Random House, Inc. 06 May. 2009. <Dictionary.com http://dictionary1.classic.reference.com/browse/prejudice>.


"racism." The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, 2004. 06 May. 2009. <Dictionary.com http://dictionary1.classic.reference.com/browse/racism>.

Shabazz, Saeed. "Racism in the 21 st century: The problem of the color-line." The Final Call founded by Minister Louis Farrakhan and the Nation of Islam. 19 Feb. 2007. 04 May 2009 <http://www.finalcall.com/artman/publish/article_3268.shtml>.

This article first starts off with a quote from Dr. W.E.B. Dubois,” Here in lie buried many things which if read with patience may show the strange meaning of being Black here in the dawning of the 20th century. This meaning is not without interest to you, gentle reader, for the problem of the 20th century is the problem of the color-line.” The whole article later goes on with the author stating her view of this quote. 50 percent more blacks than whites considered racism and important issue. Also she mentions that racial profiling that permeates in the Police Department. This source will be very useful for modern day knowledge.

Shah, Anuo. "Racism." Global Issues Social, Political, Economic and Environmental Issues That Affect Us All. 20 Dec. 2004. 4 May 2009 <http://www.globalissues.org/article/165/racism#RacisminEurope>.

This site is very useful in terms of finding racism in different parts of the country. It allows me to see that North America wasn’t the main source of racism, but Europe primarily was. Also it includes how different groups were racist to other groups like the Gypsies.  It speaks about how some groups were openly racist and didn’t even recognize it. It also mentions that Hitler’s act against the Jewish people and America keeping African Americans enslaved for a long time are two major racist events in history.



"The 25 Most Influential Hispanics in America." 22 Aug. 2005. History Resource Center: U.S. History Resource Center U.S. MICDS, St.Louis. 4 May 2009 <http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/HistRC/hits?docNum=A135105735&tab=2&locID=sain62671&origSearch=true&hdb=ALL&t=RK&s=1&r=d&items=0&secondary=true&o=&sortOrder=&n=10&l=dJ&sgPhrase=false&c=3&tabMap=82&bucket=iac&SU=Hispanics+in+America>.

This article over the top 25 most power Hispanics is a great source for how present day racism doesn’t control a certain group. The author mentions that the Hispanics promise to help remake America in the 21st century as vitally as African Americans did in the 20th century. In the Hispanic category are three types of ethnic groups: Mexican Americans, Cuban Americans, and Argentine Americans. Celebreties are considered the top 25 influential people like J-Lo and the Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa.

"USATODAY.com - Racism in the 21st century." News, Travel, Weather, Entertainment, Sports, Technology, U.S. & World - USATODAY.com. 4 May 2004. 04 May 2009 <http://www.usatoday.com/news/opinion/editorials/2004-05-04-edit_x.htm>.

This journal is very useful because I know it is accurate because it came from a newspaper and compared to all of my other research it is relatively new. The editor goes into detail talking about how different restaurants discriminate against their customers. 80 African American are suing Cracker Barrel because of its’ 1950’s seating style. Restaurants such as The Waffle House and Denny’s face similar charges.29,000 people complained to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in 2003 for bias in the workplace.

Weston, Mary Ann. "Post 9/11 Arab American coverage avoids stereotypes. | Article from Newspaper Research Journal | HighBeam Research." Research - Articles - Journals | Find research fast at HighBeam Research. 1 Jan. 2003. High Beam Research. 13 May 2009 <http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-100808900.html>.
Weston says that after September 11 Arab Americans suddenly showed up on the news agendas. Also that many stereotypes were formed even before the hijackers were determined to be Muslim or Arab. She also goes on to say that treating Muslims a hate crime.

Multimedia:      

African-American Couple. Digital image. Today Senior network. 13 May 2009 <http://todaysseniorsnetwork.com/AFrican%20American%20couiple.jpg>.

Arab Woman with Piercings. Digital image. Dream time. 13 May 2009 <http://thumbs.dreamstime.com/thumb_266/1210099025S95IMh.jpg>.

Asians Against White Surpremacy. Digital image. Radicalhappa. 13 May 2009 <http://radicalhapa.typepad.com/my_weblog/images/2008/04/30/asiansagainstwhitesupremacy.jpg>.

Asian Family. Digital image. Google.com. 13 May 2009 <http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2084/2248351682_a7645af5ea.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.flickr.com/photos/jaychen/2248351682/&usg=__zMs9dZEDh6pLo1E8iQ06GUCWQow=&h=375&w=500&sz=149&hl=en&start=9&um=1&tbnid=d7Z-fWLLaE4CTM:&tbnh=98&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAsian%2Bpeople%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DX%26um%3D1>.

British-Muslim-Women. Digital image. Goatmilk.files. 13 May 2009 <http://goatmilk.files.wordpress.com/2008/10/british_muslim_women.jpg>.
 
Happy White family. Digital image. Louisville.edu. Louisville. 13 May 2009 <http://louisville.edu/psychology/chapman/happy_white_family.jpg>.

Hispanics. Digital image. Salad Bowl Branding. 13 May 2009 <http://www.saladbowlbranding.com/images/2008/05/14/hispanics.jpg>.


Illegal-immigrant-sign. Digital image. Teresacentric. 13 May 2009 <http://teresacentric.com/images/illegal-immigrant-sign.jpg>.


No Illegals equal No Burritos. Digital image. LA Eastside. 13 May 2009 <http://laeastside.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/mexicans.jpg>.
Slaves. Digital image. Sonofthesouth.com. 13 May 2009 <http://www.sonofthesouth.net/slavery/photographs/slaves.jpg>.

The Middle Show - More White Stereotypes. Digital image. Youtube.com. 1 May 2007. Black20. 13 May 2009 <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nsXCgUUQWvU>.

Top 10 T.V Racist Comments. Digital image. Www.youtube.com. 12 May 2008. 13 May 2009 <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqMCMFlvJq4>.

White Men Can't Jump. Digital image. Floating Ax Head. 13 May 2009 <http://floatingaxhead.files.wordpress.com/2008/06/white-men-can-t-jump-posters1.jpg>.

Why do Asian? Digital image. Dba-oracle.com. 13 May 2009 <http://www.dba-oracle.com/images/why_do_asians.jpg>.

Why do Blacks? Digital image. Dba-oracle.com. 13 May 2009 <http://www.dba-oracle.com/images/why_do_blacks.jpg>